The controller of the DC-DC converter can be implemented either by analog/digital hardware or by digital software.
Among them DC to DC conversion process is a vital role to enhance the high performance and accuracy for controlling the power electronic circuit by using PWM techniques. There are four main conversion processes for power electronics converter in real applications. An embedded microprocessor or DSP core performs outer-loop functions such as control-law adaptation, efficiency optimization, fault diagnostics, communication with the host system. The control laws calculate control signals which are converted to switch on/off command sequences by a digital modulator, such as a digital pulse-width modulator (DPWM). These quantities are processed by control laws implemented in a fast computational block. The digital power controller uses analog-to-digital converters (ADC’s) with sample analog power supply variables, such as voltages, currents, and temperature. The longer the switch is ON compared to the OFF periods, the maximum the power supplied to the load is. The average value of voltage fed to the load is controlled by turning the switch between main source and load with ON and OFF at a fast pace. By controlling analog circuits digitally system costs and power consumption can be drastically reduced because of the accuracy of the PWM controlled techniques. Pulse Width Modulation is employed in a wide variety of applications, ranging from measurement and communications to power control and conversion processes in power electronic circuits. The Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) is a modulation technique for controlling analog circuits with digital outputs of processing device.
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